ImLua was developed to make all functionalities of the IM library available to Lua programmers. To use the ImLua bindings, your executable must be linked with the "imlua" library, and you must call the initialization function imlua_open declared in the header file imlua.h, as seen in the example below:
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in Lua 5 |
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#include <lua.h> #include <lualib.h> #include <lauxlib.h> #include <imlua.h> void main(void)
{
lua_State *L = lua_open();
luaopen_string(L);
luaopen_math(L);
luaopen_io(L);
imlua_open(L);
lua_dofile("myprog.lua");
lua_close(L);
}
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The imlua_open function registers all IM functions and constants your Lua program will need. The use of the ImLua functions in Lua is generally identical to their equivalents in C. Nevertheless, there are several exceptions due to differences between the two languages. Notice that, as opposed to C, in which the flags are combined with the bitwise operator OR, in Lua the flags are added arithmetically.
The other secondary libraries also have their initialization functions declared in imlua.h and each one have a separate library to be linked with the application. See IM Lua 5 Binding reference.
The ImLua dynamic libraries are also compatible with the Lua 5 "loadlib" function. Here is an example on how to dynamically load IM in Lua 5.1:
local imlua_open = package.loadlib("imlua51.dll", "imlua_open") imlua_open()
Lua 5.1 "require" can be used for all the ImLua libraries. You can use require"imlua" and so on, but the LUA_CPATH must also contains the following:
"./lib?51.so;" [in UNIX] ".\\?51.dll;" [in Windows]
The LuaBinaries distribution already includes these modifications on the default search path.
The simplest form require"im" and so on, can not be used because there are IM dynamic libraries with names that will conflict with the names used by require during search.
In Lua, because of the name space "im" all the functions and definitions have their names prefix changed. The general rule is quite simple:
imXxx -> im.Xxx IM_XXX -> im.XXX imFileXXX(ifile,... -> ifile:XXX(... imImageXXX(image,... -> image:XXX(...
New functions (without equivalents in C) were implemented to create and destroy objects that do not exist in C. For instance functions were developed to create and destroy images, files, viceo capture and palette. All the metatables have the "tostring" method implemented to help debuging.
Some functions were modified to receive those objects as parameters.
Also the functions which receive values by reference in C were modified. Generally, the values of parameters that would have their values modified are now returned by the function in the same order.
In C there is no parameter checking in the processing functions, but in Lua all parameters are checked and a Lua error is emitted when check fails.
All the objects are garbage collected by the Lua garbage collector.
In CDLua there is an additional library providing simple functions to map the imImage structure to the cdBitmap structure. And some facilities to draw an image in a CD canvas. See also the CD documentation and the IM Lua 5 Binding reference.
Color values and palettes can be created and used transparently in both libraries. Palettes and color values are 100% compatible between CD and IM.